This chapter provides an overview of the major theories that attempt to explain the etiology of juvenile delinquency. Like law, religion, and sociology, psychology is It is therefore as a result that this author, has set out to investigate the implications that biological and biosocial theories have on the juvenile justice system. ing out theories that cannot be supported or in verifying other theories. Freud also felt that early childhood experiences had a profound impact on adolescent and adult behaviour. This literature review categorizes these perspectives into five areas, provides a brief overview of each, and analyzes and synthesizes the relevant, elements within each area. The biological factors as well as the biosocial factor according to some theorists have been proven to influence criminal behaviors in the children. The history of research on intelligence and crime. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. In criminology of juvenile delinquency , many theories explain the primary cause of crime and the subsequent consequences to the criminal culprit. According to some theories, delinquent behavior is innate in an individual. Statistics indicate that in 1997 there were approximately 8.1 million delinquent juveniles in the United States and 49% increase in the delinquency rate has occurred during the years 1988 to 1997 (2). … The paper surrounds on the juvenile delinquency which is also known as juvenile offending. Theories are mostly represented in the field of juvenile delinquency and presume that poor nutrition affects delinquent behavior. Other theories say that crime is influenced by environmental, economic, and psychological aspects (University of North Texas, nd). This solution will assist the student in identifying sociological theories on the causes of juvenile delinquency. Brendalyn R. Basilan Ratner RA, Shapiro D: The episodic dyscontrol syndrome and criminal responsibility. Theories For Juvenile Delinquency. Three major sociological traditions, including structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and conflict theory, contribute to the explanation of delinquency. Not only can we delineate somewhat distinct social, familial, psychological, and biological roots of delinquent behavior, we must then be prepared to examine the interactions of all of these factors with the others and the degree to which each aggravates or mitigates the others. Some of those theories that associate with some of these factors are Classical theory, Biological theory, Psychoanalytic theory, and Sociological theory. As the child’s environment begins to play a big part of the integration into a society, many factors contribute to the way a child assimilates into life. Am]. Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck found that delinquent boys shared features that not only contributed to their delinquency, but also helped them to survive. It is sufficient to note that Freud thought that human behaviour, including violent behaviour, was the product of “unconscious” forces operating within a person’s mind. Paper presented at the 13th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. In the historical develop-ment of criminology, Darwin's theory had a … Search. Cognitive and delayed emotional development can often trigger negative behaviors in a child which will be classified as a “bad child”. The biological factors as well as the biosocial factor according to some theorists have been proven to influence criminal behaviors in the children. Psychological theories … In addition, Throckmorton states that “in straight men, the right hemisphere is greater…, system around children begin to shape the child’s views of life and themselves, it becomes imperative to give a child the proper rearing to cope in a society. Current biological studies of juvenile delinquency and criminal behavior are focusing on research efforts in multiple fields, including heredity, biochemistry, immunology, neuroscience, and endocrinology. some theories are more accepted than others as a way of explaining juvenile delin-quency. Contemporary biological research on delinquency has focused on behavioral patterns of twins, adoption and fosterling studies, the XYY chromosome and criminality, and brain disorders. These environmental factors should meet the minimum and maximum criteria of what life requirements to satisfy the organisms’ state of existence. The main focuses of these theories are social, which focus on the external factors such as environment and society that could lead juveniles to delinquent behavior. Theories of Delinquency is a comprehensive survey of the theoretical approaches towards understanding delinquent behavior. ... view that both thoughts and behavior have biological and social bases. I will be discussing the four theories of Juvenile Delinquency. The study of juvenile delinquency is ultimately as complex as the study of human behavior generally. 77 terms. Biological and Psychological Theories on Juvenile Delinquency 3 ries of punishment. School problem is one of the causes of juvenile delinquency. The book opens with a comprehensive description of what a theory is, and explains how theories are created in the social sciences. The psychodynamic perspective is largely based on the groundbreaking ideas of Sigmund Freud. Not only can we delineate somewhat distinct social, familial, psychological, and biological roots of delinquent behavior, we must then be prepared to examine the interactions of all of these factors with the others and the degree to which each aggravates or mitigates the others. Cesear Lambrosso, author of Positivism states that individuals who, It is the negative school experiences that lead to dropout and the onset of, The Concept Of The Concepts Of Boarding In The Emergency Room, Biological Factors For Juvenile Delinquency. Structural-functional theories regard delinquent behavior as the consequence of strains or breakdowns in the social processes that produce conformity. Abstract. Satterfield JH, Hoppe CM, Schell AM: A prospective study of delinquency in 110 adolescent boys with attention deficit disorders and 88 normal adolescent boys. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5526-7_3, Critical Issues in American Psychiatry and the Law. Unable to display preview. The positivist school of criminology shifts the focus from the offense to the offender. BIOLOGICAL THEORIES. Donald Shoemaker aptly presents all major individualistic and sociological theories in a standard format with basic assumptions, important concepts, and critical evaluations. (ed. Much of the work in this area seeks to explain why officially recorded delinquency is concentrated in … New York, 1982. Biological explanations, psychological reasons, and sociological factors have all been linked to such behavior, but three of the major biological explanations for deviancy have been discredited. Positive or Italian Theory- Promoted the idea of determinism as a way of explaining crime and delinquency. Several psychological theories have been used to understand crime and delinquency. Mattsson A, Schalling D, Olweus D, Low H, Svensson J: Plasma testosterone, aggressive behavior, and personality dimension in young male delinquents. Certain mental health disorders contribute to “bad” behaviors which parents hope their child will outgrow. Unpublished manuscript, 1980. Not logged in For instance, Bailey, Dunne, and Martin describe this theory by saying that “homosexual people have been subject to atypical levels of hormones in development [in the womb], thus causing sex-atypical neural differentiation” (524). Therefore, delinquency is caused by multiple reasons, i.e., biological, psychological and social environmental factors (1). Cognitive and delayed emotional development can often trigger negative behaviors in a child which will be classified as a “bad child”. Part of Springer Nature. The comments indicate that perchance a genetic connection exist between the behaviors exhibited by the parents and their child. Rodin E: Psychomotor epilepsy and aggressive behavior. II THE CAUSES OF DELINQUENCY INDIVIDUAL PROBLEMS Early biological theories of crime were based on the premise that those who engage in criminal behavior possess anomalies in their physical constitution that make them different from the population ofnon-offenders. 40 terms. Juvenile Delinquency Theories There are many thoughts as to why juveniles become delinquent. JUVENILE DELINQUENCY, THEORIES OFThe topic of juvenile delinquency is a fertile area for construction of sociological theory. Monroe RR: Episodic psychosis misdiagnosed as schizophrenia or affective disorders. We hope that we have made progress during the past 20 years, but efforts to develop and empirically test theories remain sporadic. Would you like to get the full Thesis from Shodh ganga along with citation details? The study of juvenile delinquency is ultimately as complex as the study of human behavior generally. There are three common theories on juvenile delinquency. The juvenile delinquency theories that help us understand the motives of some of these delinquencies. Choose which Theories applies- Deterrence, Biological, and Psychological Theories" Post a two paragraph discussion summarizing the article AND explaining which theories apply to the delinquency. Environment should be suitable for the organisms to stay fit and survive. Analyze the delinquent act(s), the juvenile delinquent(s), and any other social or biological factors that are available. ... of data concerning juvenile delinquency, from which certain general conclusions may be drawn. Cantwell D: Hyperactivity and antisocial behavior revisited: A critical review of the literature, in Lewis DO (ed): Stewart MA, Cummings C, Singer S: The overlap between hyperactive and unsocialized aggressive children, J of Child Psychol Psychiatry 22:12–19, 1981. Biochemical theories claim that there is a causal connection between blood sugar levels, anti-social behavior and delinquency. Finally, the intersection of personality, mental deficiency, and delinquency is explored. Such an approach both appropriates from and contributes to other ap-proaches to criminality. The environmental influences that coerce the increase of populations and have the ability to object their capability to avail the full biological potential…, Biological Factors Biological factors are one area that has the propensity in leading to juvenile delinquency. Wide agreement or consensus is assumed about which behaviors are valued and disvalued in society. pp 29-44 | This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. Rational Choice Theory: Tough on Crime. Second one is Biological theory is when behavior is predetermined and is constitutionally or genetically based. Not affiliated Implications of the psychological explanations of deviance for juvenile justice are considered. Psychological explanations include psychoanalytic theories in the tradition of Freud and developmental theories, such as Kohlberg’s model of moral development. Facts. Leventhal BL: The neuropharmacology of violence and aggressive behavior in children and adolescents, in Keith, C. Freud's contention that personality is formed in childhood is a major feature of the study of juvenile delinquency. BEHAVIOR AND LEARNING THEORIES Delinquents – badly behaved and socially unconforming – slow in conditioning, high on inhibition (to be conditioned). Lewis DO, Pincus JH, Shanok SS, Glaser GH: Psychomotor epilepsy and violence in a group of incarcerated adolescent boys. Suriwillo WW: The electroencephalogram and childhood aggression. McKenna PJ, Kane JM, Parrish K: Psychotic syndromes in epilepsy. Additionally, many early biological and psychological theories used hard determinism, which implies people with certain traits will be criminals. Take time to consider the usefulness of each theory as you read about it. Many juvenile curfews are based on A detailed discussion of Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis is beyond the scope of this report. 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